Diabetes mellitus is a long-term condition that affects how the body handles blood glucose, often called blood sugar. Glucose is an important energy source, but it needs insulin to move from the blood into many cells.
Why blood sugar rises
Blood sugar can stay high when the body does not make enough insulin, when cells do not respond well to insulin, or both. Over time, high blood sugar can affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.
Main types
The best-known types are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. They share high blood sugar, but the causes and treatment plans are not the same.
Common warning signs can include thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurry vision, slow-healing wounds, or unexplained weight changes. Diagnosis and management should be handled by a health professional.